HamLog+Ilmin

Hamlet 1.1-2.1-475

Summaries 1.1 There are four guards on duty in a castle: Horatio, Bernardo, Francisco, and Mercellus. Horatio was called on by Bernardo and Francisco to bear witness to a ghost that appears to them at night. Horatio, despite his initial disbelief, witnesses the ghost of the deceased king and tries to unsuccessfully ask questions. Afterwards, Horatio and Mercellus decide to go to Hamlet to tell him about the existence of the ghost.

1.2 The scene begins with the King Claudius and the Queen Gertrude in a room with Hamlet and some servants. Claudius encourages Hamlet to get over the death of his father and Gertrude asks him not to travel to his father’s grave. However, when he is alone, Hamlet is in depression, still hurt by his father’s death and confused why others, especially his mother, will not join his grief. Then, Horatio and Mercellus arrive and tell him of the ghost, and Hamlet decides to go see the ghost himself.

Comment in one sentence on what you think is the significance of this scene. Then what would the play be like without the scene? The significance of scene 1 lies in effectively introducing the setting, mood and past events that occurred prior to the beginning of the play, as well as introduce some minor and major characters. Without this scene, the readers would be confused and unfriendly with the play, not knowing that the king is dead and the status of the country. This scene also sets the mood and setting by beginning at night and Horatio explaining the current status of the nation. Therefore, without this scene, the audience would be lost.

Ask questions about the scene. Has anything in the scene caused you confusion? OR Ask one of the characters in the scene a question -- or ask ME a question. Hamlet is the prince of a nation and Horatio is just a guard, but how are they so close, referring to each other as friends? Its true that Horatio is a ‘higher’ guard, but it feels as though there should be some definite barriers. Is Gertrude marrying Claudius okay? They are brothers and sisters; even though it was long ago, even Hamlet says it is incest... I wonder if such action was scorned by the citizens.

Describe your reactions to a character, action, or idea you confronted in the scene. The scene where Hamlet talks to himself, speaking out various things that he could not say in others’ presence was interesting to me. It seemed as if Hamlet lacks some serious resolution. Also, even though Hamlet did not seem like a bad character, it appeared that he was double-faced, agreeing with his mother and Claudius when they were there, while thinking something completely opposite somewhere else. This scene was interesting because it showed the character of Hamlet: just someone who would say something like “to be or not to be.”

Hamlet 1.3-2.1.1-186

1.3 Laertes is about to leave to college and he tells Ophelia to be careful about her relationship with Hamlet. Polonius comes into the scene as well and tells Laertes to leave, also inquiring about Ophelia and Hamlet. He also warns Ophelia of Hamlet’s trustworthiness.

1.4 Hamlet encounters his father’s ghost as he stays with Horatio and Mercellus at night watching guard. Hamlet cites his discontent with the ways of Claudius, and when the ghost asks him to follow it, he does, resisting the plead of Horatio and Mercullus that the ghost might be out to harm Hamlet. After seeing that the plead is futile, all three end up chasing after the apparition.

1.5 The ghost tells Hamlet that he(the old king) was murdered by Claudius, and that Hamlet needs to take revenge for the murder. Hamlet decides to obey, dumbstruck by that fact that his father was murdered. The ghost tells Hamlet not to harm his mother. Horatio and Mercellus arrive after the ghost disappears and inquires Hamlet on what happened, but Hamlet does not tell.

2.1 Polonius sends Raynaldo to Laertes’ college to spy on Laertes. Ophelia comes in and tells Polonius about Hamlet’s anger and uncouth actions against her. Polonius speculates that Hamlet is in a depression because Ophelia is keeping a distance from Hamlet and goes to tell Claudius about it.

2.2 1-186 Claudius and Gertrude calls over two of Hamlet’s friends to cheer him up. Then, Claudius hears that Fortinbras will never attack his country again and becomes extremely elated. Then, Polonius suggests that Hamlet’s seemingly insane behavior is due to his relationship with Ophelia and Claudius decides to test this theory out.

Comment in one sentence on what you think is the significance of this scene. Then what would the play be like without the scene? Scene 1.5 is crucial to the play because it is the major turning point where Hamlet finds out the truth of his father’s death and decides to take revenge for such treason. Without this scene, the play would simply not exist; because Hamlet eagerly encounter’s his father’s ghost and decides to believe it, the rest of the play exists in his struggle to satisfy vengeance and set the wrongs of the throne right. Without the scene, the play would not make any sense, and Hamlet would have no reason to act insane or battle against Claudius.

Ask questions about the scene. Has anything in the scene caused you confusion? OR Ask one of the characters in the scene a question -- or ask ME a question. It obviously seems that Polonius is eager to be on the good side of Claudius(probably in order to gain more power). Then would it not make more sense to join Ophelia with Hamlet who is currently closest to the throne other than the king himself? Why is he so against Ophelia and Hamlet? Also, is Polonius a naturally untrusting character or did Laertes, Hamlet, and most other characters do something to lose his trust?

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Hamlet 2.2 186-388 (I accidentally read until the end of the scene... so the log is on the whole scene)

2.2 Hamlet continues to feign insanity as Polonius interacts with him, trying to figure out his state. Then, his two friends enter and Polonius exits without gaining any knowledge. His friends tell Hamlet that the Queen and King have sent for them, and Hamlet tells the actors and musicians to play pieces that relate to death and murder. Hamlet, in his monologue, reveals his thought that he will watch Claudius’s reactions to the pieces to ensure whether Claudius did or did not murder his father.

Comment in one sentence on what you think is the significance of this scene. Then what would the play be like without the scene? The significance of the scene is that it shows the effort of many people in the castle to figure out and solve the problem that Hamlet has. Without this scene the audience would not know that a large span of time has passed. Also, it would not show the various things that are going to happen(such as the shows that Hamlet has prepared) and they would be unaware of the state Hamlet is in(feigning insanity). This scene is more of a preparatory scene for the rest of the play: a lot of information is given and it is a good transition for the other scenes).

Describe your reactions to a character, action, or idea you confronted in the scene. In this scene we can learn much more about Hamlet. First, we can deduce the scope of his intelligence by his quick and witty statements he pours out as he feigns insanity towards Polonius. We can also learn that Hamlet is not all that exited about the act of revenge. A typical son would be overcome with his anger and try to take immediate action of vengeance. However, it has already been a long span of time since his initial encounter with the ghost of his father, and he is testing his uncle to make no mistake in ensuring that he is the killer. This shows that Hamlet does not truly want to kill or take revenge, which could potentially be important later on.

Ask questions about the scene. Has anything in the scene caused you confusion? OR Ask one of the characters in the scene a question -- or ask ME a question. I don’t know if I misunderstood the sentence, but why does Hamlet tell Polonius to not send out his daughter in the sun? It says that getting her pregnant would not be good, but according to Polonius and Ophelia, isn’t Hamlet the one who wants to get on the good side with Ophelia? Also, is Ophelia really not seeing Hamlet or is she disobeying her father and seeing him secretly?

Hamlet 2.2.55-3.1

2.2 Hamlet plans out a scheme to test Claudius by observing his mood and face after sending him actors who will play songs and plays about death. He does this to make sure that Claudius did kill his father and says to himself that he knows what to do if Claudius really seems to have killed his father.

3.1 Claudius and Gertrude agree to attend and watch the play after hearing that Hamlet is infatuated with the performances. Then, Claudius and Polonius spy on Hamlet as he does another soliloquy on whether he should live to see the results or run from the terrible outcome that may arise. Then, Ophelia enters, and Hamlet tells her that he does not love her anymore, and exits. Claudius now sees that Hamlet’s actions are not due to Ophelia or madness, and decides to send him to England.

Comment in one sentence on what you think is the significance of this scene. Then what would the play be like without the scene? This scene shows a lot about the person Claudius is in the aspect of what he knows and his intellectual skills. Without this scene, the play would have been more stale. Up to now, Hamlet has been the one in control of the situation(he pretends to be crazy, orders people to act a certain way, and does not let his objective get discovered even when others are observing him). However, in 3.1 Claudius is the one in control: he observes Hamlet successfully, squeezing out information that he was not supposed to know. This scene makes the whole play more interesting.

Ask questions about the scene. Has anything in the scene caused you confusion? OR Ask one of the characters in the scene a question -- or ask ME a question. How much does Claudius actually know? It does not seem that he has grasped the whole scope of the situation yet, but it seems that the situation is possible that he would deduce Hamlet’s plan. Also, is Polonius simply stubborn on his idea, obsessed with the beauty of his daughter, or simply stupid?

Describe your reactions to a character, action, or idea you confronted in the scene. Polonius seems to be the evermore interesting character. At first, the power he exerted on his children and the various spies he sent out the gather information showed that he is a powerful and cunning character. Nonetheless, in 3.1 he seems to be simply a stubborn and clueless man. The way he continues to think that Hamlet is deeply struck by his love for Ophelia even when his theory is effectively disproven makes him a silly character.

Hamlet Nunnery Scene Comparison Hamlet 3.2
 * 1) I learned that Polonius is probably older than most other characters
 * 2) Most likely, Ophelia knows that she is being watched
 * 3) When Hamlet says "where is your father," it is probably the point where he feels most betrayed by Ophelia
 * 4) Hamlet is full of emotions in the scene and probably as a character in a whole
 * 5) Ophelia is regretful of her actions after Hamlet's realization
 * 6) It makes less sense if it is the case that Hamlet did not know throughout the scene
 * 7) Claudius and Polonius found out that Hamlet knew of their presence
 * 8) Claudius seems to be in fear of Hamlet somewhat
 * 9) Polonius is an annoying character, even to Claudius who Polonius is servile to in the first one, but he is okay in the other ones
 * 10) Hamlet's emotions change often, becoming angry and calm very quickly and changing often, sometimes without reason
 * 11) Hamlet feels rejected when he receives the gift

3.2 Hamlet informs the actors of their parts as he informs Horatio, who has come as well, of the truth behind the King’s death and Horatio agrees to watch Claudius carefully with him during the course of the play. Hamlet continues to demean Ophelia as the play begins. The play enacts the real death almost exactly and Claudius stands up and leaves, seemingly agitated. Horatio and Hamlet meet and agree that Claudius probably murdered the King, and Hamlet decides to carry on with his plan.

Questions: Is Hamlet acting out towards Ophelia because he feels betrayed or is it a part of the act or is it both? Does Claudius know that Hamlet planned the plays or not?

Soliloquy: It is obvious to the audience that Hamlet is alone onstage. What else, then, does he mean when he begins, “Now I am alone”? It means that he is alone in terms of companionship. Hamlet, in addition to being physically alone, feels that he has lost Ophelia, his friends, and now all of the little trust that was left of Claudius. Now, he is without any companions and has to live through and carry out his plans against Claudius and cannot go back to the state they used to be in.

Why is the Prince calling himself a “rogue” and “peasant slave”? He calls himself such because he feels like he is the a slave to the ghost of his father. He is about to do evil and take revenge on Claudius. Therefore, he is a rogue slave. Also, because he is 'alone' he feels as though he is a poor peasant who lacks any wealth(although it is a wealth of friendship).

Hamlet probably feels that the situation is surreal. He feels like a person in a play(as he is) because he has to suffer such tragedy, The truth might be that he really doesn't want to take revenge, but it is written in his "script" to do so, so he has to carry out the vengeance. The script, is obviously written by the deceased King who told him to do so and Claudius who began the whole situation.
 * Hamlet compares himself to the player. What does this comparison reveal about Hamlet’s self-perception?

Throughout the play, much violence is done to ears. How does Hamlet’s “cleave the general ear” relate to other “ear” references? Shakespeare uses the word ear twenty-seven times in this play. Do any of these resonate with you? "Takes prisoner Pyrrhus' ear," "Nor shall you do my ear that violence " These show the ear as the main place that damage is done to. As in "cleave the general ear," Hamlet relates torture or anything else negative with the ear and doing harm to the ear. Nowhere in the play is the ear done good to. It does not really catch my attention though. Maybe if I saw these parts acted out, it will become more obvious.

Hamlet uses a lot of theatrical terminology in his speech. Find some examples (“cue,” “satage,” “play”). Why might Hamlet be thinking in theatrical terms? As stated above, he probably feels as if he is an unfortunate protagonist in a play who has to carry his role out, which is to take vengeance on Claudius. He probably wants to just forget about the situation and prefers to not have known such a case in the first place. This is why he keeps using theatrical terms: so that he feels more like a person in a play, so he is more willing to take action.

Find lines or phrases that explain why Hamlet thinks himself a coward. Do you think he is a coward, or is he acting cautiously by looking for external evidence to prove Claudius’s guilt? "Why, what an ass am I! This is most brave, That I, the son of a dear father murther'd, Prompted to my revenge by heaven and hell, Must (like a whore) unpack my heart with words 1660 And fall a-cursing like a very drab" I do think that he is a coward somewhat. What he does, which is continuing to search and search for whether Claudius did commit the murder when it is pretty well clear that he did is an action typically taken by someone who really doesn't want to take the responsibility associated with the action. Plus, he says "to be or not to be," and suicide is a solution people take because they want to avoid taking responsibility.

Hamlet 3.3-3.4

3.3 Claudius speaks to Rosencrantz and Gildenstern about how he is dissatisfied with Hamlet’s behavior and is planning to send him to college. Then, Polonius comes and says that he will hide in the queen’s room to overhear what Hamlet and they discuss. Claudius then has a soliloquy confessing his sins, and Hamlet bears witness to the scene.

3.4 Hamlet talks to Gertrude as Polonius is hiding and listening. Hamlet accidently kills Polonius thinking that he is Claudius, and Gertrude begs Hamlet to stop speaking the truth and Hamlet tells her about the murder. The ghost enters the room and only Hamlet can see it. He asks Gertrude to regain her rightful self and tells her that he was feigning insanity. He says that he has to leave and asks her to keep the secret.

Why is this scene important? 3.4 is crucial because he loses the trust of his mother which he so much sought for. It is partly true that he acted crazy this whole time to give his mother an opportunity to turn back. However, this scene makes Hamlet lose complete trust from the one that he really wanted to save, so it may spell a psychological change in Hamlet.

Questions: Why does he stay calm throughout the whole play to be erupted to madness only in 3.4 so that Gertrude has less reason to believe him? Is he finally overcome by his emotions? Also, is it that only some people can see the ghost or is it that only Gertrude cannot see it?

Reaction to a character Hamlet’s change seems significant. He has always been so careful thus far to now just stab without even thinking about the possibilities. This spells a great change in him because murder and revenge was something he was so careful not to do. However, he is now so easily able to do it.

3.1 Questions. Act 3.1 What function is served by the discussion of Polonius as an actor (3.1.89-96)? Hamlet was written within a year or two of Julius Caesar; what is added to the scene for the audience if Richard Burbage, playing Hamlet, also played Brutus? Can you guess what part the actor playing Polonius might have played in Julius Caesar? It shows that Polonius is an ‘actor’ in life, where he acts as though he is loyal to Hamlet and Claudius while he is treacherous and is disloyal. Also, it leads to Julius Ceaser which reflects the play Hamlet in that there is betrayal. Personally, Claudius would be more similar to Brutus because he is the one who betrayed. Hamlet is similar to Brutus because he is so well informed and intelligent, planning carefully. Polonius is like Julius Ceaser because he is mistaken about the loyalty of different characters and is killed in the end like Ceaser.

Based on 3.2.119, how much time elapsed between Act 1 and Act 2 (since the action has been continuous since the beginning of Act 2)? Two months have passed between the time because Hamlet says “twice two months, indicating that it was four months since the death of his father. Since two months have passed before the beginning of the play, it has been 2 months between act 1 and 2.

What is Claudius' mood as he stops the play at 3.2.247? How does Hamlet respond? If Hamlet has learned that Claudius is indeed guilty (if that's why he stopped the play and not for some other reason), Claudius has also learned something from the presentation of the play. What has Claudius learned? Claudius is infuriated as well as overcome by guilt and other negative feelings. He says that he needs ‘sunlight’ which indicates that his mind is in darkness. He probably feels guilt because the truth that he wants to hide is replayed in front of him and also because Hamlet has put on such a play. Claudius has now learned that Hamlet probably knows about the truth of the murder. Now, both characters’ actions will drastically change.

What message do Rosencrantz and Guildenstern have for Hamlet? Despite the chaos at the end of the play, is this message unexpected after hearing Polonius' suggestion at the end of the Nunnery scene (3.1)? What lesson does Hamlet teach with a recorder? Rosencrantza and Guildenstern asks him to go to his mother’s chamber because she is disappointed by his actions. Also, they ask him what the source of his problem is, and Hamlet answers in anger. It is expected that they come looking at Hamlet’s actions that would certainly disappoint anyone who had faith in him(of course not knowing the reason he did it). He teaches the lesson that they should not attempt to trick or “play” him, and that he is smart enough to outwit and recognize any trickery they try on him.

Read Hamlet's fifth soliloquy carefully (3.2.358-69). How is it different from the other soliloquies? What is the mood of the soliloquy? How do you react to it? What about line 360? What is happening to Hamlet? This soliloquy is different from the other ones in the fact that Hamlet is denouncing his own actions and feels unfortunate in contrast to other soliloquy where he denounces others for betrayal or trickery. This is the first time when he feels bad(out loud at least) about what he is doing, and the first one where he is not saying ill words about others. This mood is depressing and partially suicidal, saying “to be or not to be” Line 360 is stating that he is turning into a coward because even revenge feels not right.

3.3 -- Answer 3 of the following. 2. Where is Polonius going? He is going to listen in on Hamlet and Gertrude’s conversation behind the curtain. He plans to hear in on what Hamlet says and report it to Claudius later. In essence, he was also heading to his deathbed because he gets killed by Hamlet in Gertrude’s chamber.

What does Claudius admit in his attempt to pray? Has the play actually had an effect on him? Why can't he ask for forgiveness? He admits to murdering to original king. The play had a significant effect on him in the fact that he decides to send Hamlet to college. Also, he feels so guilty that he rose from the play and ran into his room to at least try to pray. He cannot ask for forgiveness because he is still in the moment of his sin, still consumed by the act of killing the previous king.

What happens when Hamlet enters? Why doesn't Hamlet kill Claudius then? What is ironic about Hamlet's decision? Hamlet now has found out that Claudius has indeed killed his father. Hamlet does not kill him, but says that he will kill him soon enough. He has to go to her mother’s chamber so he just exits, not even telling Claudius that he has been over watched. His actions are ironic because he kills Polonius without a moment of hesitation when he chose not to kill Claudius even when he has the most chance.

Hamlet Log 4

4.1 Claudius tells Rosencrantz and Gildenstern to take Hamlet to college with them. Gertrude tells Claudius that Hamlet is mad and has killed Polonius. Claudius blames Hamlet for the troubles that might beset him and tell the two to immediately take Hamlet.

4.2 Hamlet buries Polonius and Rosencrantz and Gildenstern come find Hamlet. They ask him what he has done with Polonius, but Hamlet refuses to answer. Hamlet follows them unwillingly back to Claudius.

4.3 Claudius asks Hamlet where Polonius’s body is, and Hamlet tells him after being stubborn for a while. Then, Claudius tells Hamlet to go to England, and Hamlet agrees to it quite happily. Claudius says to himself that England will kill Hamlet like he has ordered them to.

4.4 Fortinbras is getting ready to attack Poland

4.5 Horatio is with Gertrude as Ophelia enters, insane from her father’s death. Laertes, who has returned with a group of commoners who say that Laertes will be king, seeks revenge for his dead father, and tries to blame Claudius for it. However, Claudius asks him to listen to his explanation and that he is not guilty, and Laertes agrees. Claudius says that he will help avenge his father’s death.

4.6 Horatio receives a letter from Hamlet saying that he is back in Denmark because his ship was captured by pirates. Horatio goes to escort the sailors to the king, and also to look for Hamlet.

4.7 Claudius and Laertes discuss ways to take Hamlet’s life. Claudius’s reason is that Hamlet is a threat to his throne, while Laertes simply wishes to take revenge for his father. They plan to have a duel with Hamlet, where Laertes will use a real sword with poison on it. In the case that Hamlet wins, Claudius will hand him a poisoned wine glass. Then Gertrude enters and tells them that Ophelia has drowned to death. Laertes leaves the room in fury.

Why scene is important Scene 4.4 is especially important to the play, because it is the point when Hamlet openly says to himself that he will become a bloody person. Before, he promised the revenge of his father because of the urging of the ghost and responsibilities that he seemingly held. However, this scene shows a significant transformation in Hamlet where he is willingly saying that he will become a cruel person and take revenge like he said he will. Now, all of his actions might show some determination that he previously did not show. Questions Had Polonius and Laertes always planned for Laertes to become a king, or is it simply a scheme that Laertes thought of and is carrying out? Do you think Ophelia is saddened by the death of her father, or more because her lover, Hamlet, was the one who killed her father?

Character Hamlet, in scene 4.2 seems to be a completely different person. From before, Hamlet seemed to be a person of justice, who wished to do right the wrongs and take responsibility for actions he had to. However, he is now seen as someone who tries to skirt responsibility by hiding his wrongdoings and running away from his responsibility. This change seems significant in a once prideful Hamlet.

Character Committees As you read Act 4, focus on the character you are assigned and respond to the questions listed below in your log. The next class you will meet with other students who studied the same character to prepare a presentation on your character that you will present the next day. This presentation should be informative and insightful. You may use any format that appeals to your group as long as your presentation includes the information asked for in the following questions. As usual, any conclusions you draw must be supported with textual references. Remember that the answers to the questions will provide you only with the raw data for your presentation. Your job as a group is to assemble the data into an interesting and informative presentation. The only technology allowed during this presentation is keynote with a maximum of 5 words.

Character Questions: What new information did you learn about your character in Act 4 that would help an actor or actress understand him or her better? Previously, Ophelia seemed like a character who blindly followed her father without truly agreeing to his decisions. In fact, in the beginning scenes, Ophelia even showed a bit of a teenage dissertation. However, now, it shows that Ophelia truly loved her father and that her father took up a great deal of her heart while he was alive, because she has gone insane from the death of her father. In each scene where your character appears, what is his or her motivation and objective? In other words, what does this person really want? It seems that she has indeed gone insane, so her purpose might not exist. However inferring that Shakespeare put her there for a purpose, Ophelia changes a lot of other characters. 4.5 Ophelia first shows her insaneness in this scene. This scene is there to foreshadow future events such as Laertes’ fury and the aftermath of Hamlet’s killings. It does not seem that Ophelia herself has much purpose except that of grief. 4.7 Ophelia drowns herself. This action may cause grief and anger in the hearts of Laertes and Hamlet who now oppose each other. Her purpose in this scene was to aggravate Laertes even more. How does your character feel about the events in Act 4? about Hamlet? She is greatly saddened by the death of Polonius. So heartbroken that she has gone insane. As for Hamlet, it can only be guessed, but it is likely that she hates him now, since that seemingly insane lecher has also murdered his father in cold blood. What do other characters say about your character and how do they react to him? How does your character feel about other characters? Gertrude and Horatio feel pity for Ophelia as she has gone insane from the burden of her father’s death. Laertes is enraged(at Hamlet) seeing that he has also made Ophelia insane and commit suicide. As for Ophelia, it can only be presumed that she feels saddened by Polonius’s death and blame for Hamlet. She does not openly reveal her emotions. How does your character affect the events of each scene in which she appears? How is she affected by the events? She is not neccessarily affected by the events of the scene. However, she does greatly vary the mood of Laertes. When he sees that she has gone insane, he becomes furious, and when he finds out that she has drowned herself, Laertes become so infuriated that he leaves the room. How is your character important to this act? In other words, do you learn something new about the plot through him? Do you gain any insights about Hamlet by comparing/contrasting him to your character? Ophelia is crucial to this act, as well as the rest of the play. From her reaction to the grievous event, the two young men, Laertes and Hamlet are drastically changed. Laertes is tormented by her change and plans to take gruesome revenge on Hamlet. For Hamlet, it can only be predicted that he will show regret and remorse for his own actions. What questions are raised by your character's words and/or behavior in this act? My question that arose was ‘how will Hamlet react when he hears the news?’ Hamlet has been the ever changing character, and hearing the consequences of his actions, it is certain that he will go through another transformation. What was unexpected? What questions that you've previously had are answered by your character's words and /or behavior in this act? Both her suicide and insaneness was much unexpected to my part. The question on whether Ophelia is a strong or weak character was answered: she is a weak character who depends on death to avoid burdens.

Hamlet Log 5.1

5.1 Two clowns are digging the grave for Ophelia and one leaves. Hamlet and Horatio enter, and Hamlet asks whose grave the clown is digging. They have an argument, when Claudius, Gertrude and Laertes enter, and Hamlet finds out that Ophelia is dead. Laertes tries to kill Hamlet(or hurt him at least) when Gertrude begs him to stop and Claudius tells him to wait for his chance. They return to the castle.

Significance The significance of the scene lies in that it is the point when all the important characters meet, find out the truth and the anger between them erupts. Without the scene, the ending would not happen, and the characters would not have the moment of cognition when each person finds out the truth behind everything. This is an important scene for the plot and the feelings of the characters.

Questions The clown must be a much lower ranking person than Hamlet. Then, how is it that he can get away with being so disrespectful to the prince Hamlet? Even though he did not know Hamlet was the prince, he should at least have an idea of his class. Also, did Hamlet love Ophelia truly like he says he does?

Character Development Laertes always seemed like an evil and scheming character, but in this scene, he appeared more as a character who really cared about his sister and someone who is true to his feelings, not someone who is treacherous and scheming. This scene was a moment where Laertes’ human character appears.

Hamlet Log 5.2

5.2 Hamlet and Horatio are back at the castle, where Osric convinces Hamlet to participate in a duel with Laertes. After he agrees, he apologizes to Laertes for killing his father. Laertes thwarts the apology and the duel begins. Hamlet continues to win the duel, and Gertrude drinks from the poisoned cup to celebrate the success. Gertrude dies and Laertes and Hamlet both cut each other with the poisoned blade. Laertes dies soon, telling Hamlet that his own wickedness killed him. Hamlet then stabs Claudius and they both die. Fortinbras enters, and ends the scene.

Significance The significance of the scene is very obvious. This scene is what makes Hamlet a tragedy, for most of the main characters die a tragic death without fully understanding each other or coming to a heartfelt consensus. It effectively ends the play, as there is no more Hamlet to carry out the play named 'Hamlet.'

Questions Why does Fortinbras end the scene? What is his significance?

Character Development Laertes seemed as though he would heartlessly kill Hamlet and seemed as though he felt no affection towards him. Also, he seemed like a character who would not go back on his words or actions. However, this scene shows him as someone who knows how to be polite to others and repent what he has done wrong and praise what others have done right.