JAH's+WORDS+OF+THE+DAY

 Simulacrum: image, representation. An insubstantial form of semblance of something. Apocryphal: of doubtful authenticity, although widely circulated as being true. something that's false, but seems true. Venal: corrupt, able to be bribed, or involving bribery. Canonical: 1. pertaining to, established by, or conforming to a canon or canons. 2. authorized; recognized; accepted Gambit: an opening in which a player makes a sacrifice, typically of a pawn, for the sake of some compensating advantage. Inveterate: having a particular habit, activity, or interest that is long-established and unlikely to change. Teleologic: moving forward in purposeful manner, to a known way. Sophism: a fallacious argument, esp. one used deliberately to deceive. Please correct the following sentence: Endemic: (of a disease or condition) regularly found among particular people or in a certain area. 2. (of a plant or animal) native or restricted to a certain country or area Castration: remove the testicles of (a male animal or man).  Inculcate: instill (an attitude, idea, or habit) by persistent instruction. Emissary: a person sent on a special mission, usually as a diplomatic representative. Cipher: a secret or disguised way or writing; a code.
 * The lives of the characters after dark, in the novel “After Dark” by Haruki Murakami, are only simulacrums of their real characteristics that are truly revealed during the night. For example, during the day, Tetsuya is only a nerdy law-student; however, during the dark he transforms into an attractive, young, passionate trumpet player with his close friends.
 * In the novel “Wuthering Heights” by Emily Bronte, the ghost figure of Heathcliff is an apocryphal. Although this novel is a very gothic story, it is illogical to see ghost figures of a dead person everywhere. The dark history of Heathcliff has allowed the neighbors to think that his soul still exists.
 * The teachers at KIS are not venal. There are school rules that limit the price of the prices of teacher gifts. It is impossible for our teachers to be venal.
 * The theories of famous ancient scientists, such as Einstein, are canonical, as they are widely accepted and recognized by the world.
 * The life of the old boss, in the story "The Fly" is a gambit. His life was an opening, a time for preparation for his loving son’s future. However, unfortunately this sacrifice the poor old man makes is wasted with the death of the son. Similarly, the fly dies despite its effort to survive the painful ink drops; the fly’s struggle is a simulacrum of the old man.
 * I am inveterate, although not very academically inveterate. Whenever I am hungry, I search for pictures of food, especially deserts of the web.
 * The story "Wanderers in the Valley" by Kim Yu-Jeong is a very teleological story, as the author hints to the readers the dark upcoming events with the dark setting and foreshadowing dialogues.
 * In the story, [|______Tlön, Uqbar, Orbis Tertius______] by Jorges Luis Borges, there are many sophist aspects that tries to create an idealistic, fake world seem real. The validity of the author’s arguments is controversial, because it is confusing psychological arguments.
 * The boston common a public area in downtown bosteon is the main settin for the shrot story the patriot which is about a man who argues to such an extent that it became (sophism).
 * The idea of melting pot was endemic in the United States before the 911. However, it diminished with the destruction of the twin tower.
 * The short story The Metamorphosis, is a gambit. The main character sacrifices his humiliation for the entertainment of the readers.
 * There are many resemblances of homosexuality that I’ve never thought about.
 * The article analyzes the trend of female and male roles in narratives. Male dominance has been a natural aspect in society, and thus in cinema and literary works. The general plot of the stories do not inculcate the female character to be seen as an observable object, rather than the active observer, but is naturally done without force. The castration complex illustrates this idea. A son views a female genital as lacking, not just different. Because of society’s perspective and gender culture this idea is established.
 * Jennifer was the emissary of the gambit. She was sent to Africa to deliver the cipher that would open the door to room #444.

** PARALLELISM** ex. If I could speak, if I could see, if I could smell, only if I could breathe.

ex. I ran when the dog barked because Tom yelled.
 * PARALLEL DEPENDENT CLAUSES**

ex. Stressed about the college application, stressing out Annie with yearbook, stress is unavoidable.
 * REPETITION**

COMPOUND SENTENCE WITH ELLIPTICAL CONSTRUCTION (comma indicates the omitted verb)
 * 11/2**

S V DO ; S, DO We like classical music; those guys , rock.

We leave out the verb in the second clause BECAUSE AND ONLY IF it would needlessly repeat the verb of the first clause. Notice also, you may have a direct object (DO), which receives the action of the verb; or you may have a subject complement describing the verb.

You need parallel wording in both clauses, and the verb must be exactly the same.

Examples: The mother and son each had a goal; hers, educational; his, recreational. For many of us, the new math teacher was a savior; for others, a pain.

"Thought is the blossom; language, the bud; action, the fruit." -- Ralph Waldo Emerson
 * Be sure that each sentence really has two independent clauses in it (even thought the second has an unexpressed verb).
 * Be sure that the verb omitted in the second clause matches exactly, in form and tense, the verb in the first clause.
 * Use a semicolon if there is no conjunction; if there is a conjunction, many writers use a comma. A semicolon does not go with a coordinating conjunction.

1. Which of the following doesn't work? Why. - it should be a comma, not a semicolon. ** b. Lou Williams was in for adultery; John Jones for gambling. c. His mother told him to rent a car; his sister, to pack the suitcases.
 * a. Bill played a musical number by Bach; Joan, Beethoven.

2. Write your own original example. I suck at math; Jenn at biology.

3. Find one from something you have read (this may take a couple of weeks).

- (independent clause : (independent clause)
 * 11/4**
 * COMPOUND SENTENCE WITH EXPLANATORY STATEMENT** (clauses separated by a colon)
 * General statement (idea) : specific statement (example).

Many of you use this sentence construction naturally. Some of you work at it, but don't know the rules. Although this sentence construction is a compound, it is very different in content, as the colon implies. The colon performs a special function: It signals the reader that something important or explanatory will follow (as this very sentence illustrates). In this pattern, the colon signals that the second clause will specifically explain or expand some idea expressed only vaguely in the first clause.
 * Explanation**

The first statement sill contain a word or an idea that needs explaining; the second statement will give some specific information or example about the idea.

Use it when you want the second part of the sentence to explain the first part, give an example, or provide an answer to an implied question.
 * When to use this pattern**

- - Examples from //The Art of Styling Sentences// by Ann Longknife and K.D. Sullivan
 * Examples**
 * Darwin's //The Origin of Species// forcibly states a harsh truth: Only the fittest survive.
 * Remember Yogi Berra's advice: It ain't over till it's over.
 * "The murmuring water, the morning fresh garden unheated yet by the lemon sun, the flight of a white-browed blackbird: all helped to make unreal the tableau of the man kneeling by the sundial." -- Reginald Hill, Ruling Passion
 * Old cars and young children have several things in common: Both are a responsibility and have to be fed often or they break down," Claudia Glenn Downing, Lear's, November 1992

[|Leo on Colons] [|eHow on Colons](with a punctuation and capitalization tip)
 * Additional Sources on Colons**

Exercise Write a short 4-5 sentence paragraph concerning your reading about Frankenstein. Include a colon. The introduction of __Frankenstein__ by Mary Shelby is a collection of letters. Although they are fairly boring, they are very informative. By reading the four letters, readers can find out the basic fact about the narrative: He is a curious student, trying to find his vocation in life.

-- The following sentence has a lengthy series joined by repeated possessive pronouns.

"Walled off from the roaring traffic of the Embankment and Fleet Street and High Holborn, each Inn is a self-centered community with its own gardens, lush with cherry and magnolia, camelia, and crocus; its own library; its own dining hall; its labyrinth of walks and lawns; its blocks of offices and flats let out mostly to barristers." Robert Wernick, //Smithsonian//, May 1992
 * __Do you think the sentence is effective or weak?__ The sentence is weak. Half way through the sentence, readers lose concentration.
 * __What feature contributes strength or detracts from the rhetorical effectiveness?__ The excessive descriptive phrases weaken the meaning and importance of each words.

Explanation This pattern is the simplest form of the series types. Just separate the items by commas. No conjunction links the final two items. Omitting this conjunction is effective because it gives your sentence a quick, staccato sound.
 * December 1st**

Read the series aloud so you can hear whether the items flow together WITHOUT the conjunction before the last item. Temember that tone and sound and fluency are important here. Also, remember that each item should receive equal emphasis.

Develop your ear!

Examples It took courage, skill, knowledge -- and he had them all. Their friendship has endured, in spite of arguments, boyfriends, distance. I have come to you withoutsin, without guile, without evil, without a witness against me." - The Book of the Dead

EXERCISE -- Copy and paste this entire exercise into your own page. Write your answers in a different color or font. We will chose two people's in class to go over. 1. Look carefully at the following sentence. Does it work? If so, why? If not, where can the sentence be broken into two or shorter ones that are not overwhelming. Robert Mondavi's father, Cesare, came from Sassafarento near Ancona, on the Adriatic coast of the Marches -- not a particularly rich or fertile part of Italy even now, nor, except for Verdicchio, much of a wine-growing region, and a good deal less so, no doubt, in 1883, when Cesare was born, the son of a large, simple family and possibly the first member of it, I have read somewhere, to be able to sign his name. -- by Cyril Ray "Robert Mondavi of the Napa Valley" This sentence does not work because there should be a period before no doubt. Also, there is too much details for the readers to follow through without a separation in the sentences.

2. Does this sentence work? If so, why? If not, please correct. The typical teenage user of snuff is white, active, and athletic, and subjected to very heavy peer pressure. The repetition of 'and's make it seem very awkward. "The typical teenage user of snuff is white, active, athletic, and subjected to very heavy peer pressure." 3. Same instructions -- The children gathered around the clown wishing for a balloon, angling for a smile, bowing before the childhood consumerism. "the clown wishing for a balloon" seems to indicate the clown, rather than the children. The order should change. For example, The children, wishing for a balloon, gathered around the clown, angling for a smile, bowing before the childhood consumerism.

The poem "Erosion" by Linda Pastan, time is seen as a teleological aspect in life, creating than destroying what has been created which allow the //we// in the poem to acknowledge the values in life.

In Frankenstein The first four letters and the preface I read weren't mainly about the story it covered the intention of the writing and background of the narrator the book starts with an exploration of the narrator and covers a lot of topics through his letters. For example loneliness risks taken by discovery of new knowledge, and etc it seems like the letters are foreshadowing whats coming up in the future of this book. -- Try for 3 sentences. There is a possibility of a colon AND a dash.

EDITED

In __Frankenstein,__ the first four letters and the preface I read were not mainly about the story: it covers the intention of the writing and background of the narrator. The book starts with an exploration of the narrator and covers a lot of topics through his letters. For example, loneliness is a risk taken by discovery of new knowledge; it seems like the letters are foreshadowing what's coming up in the future of this book.